Waktu menggunakan sepatu high heels, kaum hawa sering kali memicu rasa sakit di area kaki.
Showing posts with label Disease. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Disease. Show all posts
Thursday, July 17, 2014
Memakai Sepatu High Heels Mengakibatkan Persoalan Kerusakan Tulang Juga Engsel
Monday, June 9, 2014
Sunat Dapat Mengurangi Risiko Terjangkit Kanker Prostat
Sebuah eksperimen baru yang dilakukan oleh para peneliti dari Kanada mengatakan bahwa kemungkinan besar , sunat dapat mengurangi risiko terjangkit kanker prostat. Laki-laki yang disunat kemungkinan lebih kecil terjangkit penyakit kelamin yang menular dan adalah salah satu penyebab kanker prostat.
Dr Marie-Elise Parent ahli kanker dari University of Quebec’s INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier di Montreal, Kanada mengatakan bahwa Memang terlalu pagi jika mengatakan sunat dapat mencegah kanker prostat, tapi kemungkinan itu tetap ada
Percobaan kaitannya antara sunat dan kanker prostat dilakukan terhadap 3.208 pria berusia 40-75 tahun, dengan 1.590 di antaranya sudah terdiagnosis kanker prostat. Sementara 1.618 sisanya tidak memiliki kanker prostat namun memiliki kesamaan di riwayat kesehatan dan usia.
Hasilnya, mereka yang sudah dikhitan sebelum dewasa memiliki 14 persen risiko lebih kecil terserang kanker prostat ketika dewasa. Sementara itu, pria yang sudah dewasa baru dikhitan memiliki persentase yang lebih tinggi yakni 45 persen daripada yang tidak dikhitan.
Dari segi ras, para pria kulit hitam memiliki risiko paling tinggi terserang kanker prostat daripada ras lainnya seperti Asia, Kaukasia, dan Hispanik. Dr Parent mengatakan bahwa sampai saat ini, ia juga tidak mengetahui apa penyebab ras Negro sangat rentan terserang kanker prostat.
Berdasarkan data yang dimiliki National Cancer Institute, 3 juta pria hidup dengan kanker prostat di Amerika Serikat. Kanker prostat juga menjadi kanker penyebab kematian pria nomor dua di Amerika.
Saturday, December 18, 2010
What Are Most Common Lung Cancer Causes?
All these reasons that the causes of lung cancer known. There are many causes of lung cancer in numbers, but it is very difficult to say in less time with serious detail. Here in the coming topics some very important, common and major causes of cancer are explained in a handsome detail, which guide us very nicely and properly in our health matter.
Details about Causes of Lung Cancer are as under;
Environment and its Smoke:-
The most serious problem that cancer can exists in the human body is caused by environmental stresses, which surround us very badly. In our area there are a number of pollution of the environment polluted and effective health things to help cancer spread rapidly expanding. Smoke in the atmosphere caused by the transport, output from the factories, chemical burns and the burning of garbage, mixed with fresh oxygen and is healthy for the most polluted air we breathe. If mixed air dirty and ugly by using the mouth and the lymphatic system, which directly affects our lungs with a great loss. It affects the lungs continuously and with the passage of time our lungs are caught with cancer. So in this way cancer in our lungs begins to spread and develop, which is predicted latter in our body by our Blood Testing Reports, X-ray and CT scan.
Cigarette's Smoke:-
Lung cancer causes
It is quite clear that the smoke is the leading cause of cancer, so that out of the smoke that is created during the process of smoking the failure and the collapse of the lung work and efficiency. It is observed after a series of cancer's survey that, about 70% cancer in the people causes due to the cigarettes, which is rapidly increasing day by day. As much the cigarettes will be smoked, so much the possibility of lung cancer increases in the human's body. Hence it is not bad to say that, cancer depends upon the smoking directly.
Lung Diseases and Cancer Transformation:-
A number of people who have suffered so many illnesses or disease that can convert the latter on the symptoms of lung cancer. It is happened due to the regular dosing and high quality of treatment, after which the lung's diseases become much serious and adopt the disease lung cancer. Sometimes the cancer is transferred from parents to the kids, as by nursing the little babies and blood transformation.
Asbestos (Minerals Decomposition):-
The animals, trees and other living things, buried thousand of years ago, when are decomposed naturally, an irritate smell and a lot of dangerous particles fly and mix in the air, from where these enter in our body through breathing. These poisoned particles attack our lungs directly and cause cancer.
Radon and Poisoned Gasses:-
A number of poisoned gasses are emitted from the air conditioners and some other sources, which are mostly order less, tasteless and also invisible. These poisoned gasses invade the human's body through breathing in the lungs and affect the lungs seriously. These poisoned gasses cause cancer very soon by damaging the healthy cells and tissues. A similar gas, named as Radon affects the human's body in very short time and 80% causes lung cancer in human. In this way cancer develops and spreads quite sharply in the body.
I hope this post will help in better understanding of different causes of lung cancer
Details about Causes of Lung Cancer are as under;
Environment and its Smoke:-
The most serious problem that cancer can exists in the human body is caused by environmental stresses, which surround us very badly. In our area there are a number of pollution of the environment polluted and effective health things to help cancer spread rapidly expanding. Smoke in the atmosphere caused by the transport, output from the factories, chemical burns and the burning of garbage, mixed with fresh oxygen and is healthy for the most polluted air we breathe. If mixed air dirty and ugly by using the mouth and the lymphatic system, which directly affects our lungs with a great loss. It affects the lungs continuously and with the passage of time our lungs are caught with cancer. So in this way cancer in our lungs begins to spread and develop, which is predicted latter in our body by our Blood Testing Reports, X-ray and CT scan.
Cigarette's Smoke:-
Lung cancer causes
It is quite clear that the smoke is the leading cause of cancer, so that out of the smoke that is created during the process of smoking the failure and the collapse of the lung work and efficiency. It is observed after a series of cancer's survey that, about 70% cancer in the people causes due to the cigarettes, which is rapidly increasing day by day. As much the cigarettes will be smoked, so much the possibility of lung cancer increases in the human's body. Hence it is not bad to say that, cancer depends upon the smoking directly.
Lung Diseases and Cancer Transformation:-
A number of people who have suffered so many illnesses or disease that can convert the latter on the symptoms of lung cancer. It is happened due to the regular dosing and high quality of treatment, after which the lung's diseases become much serious and adopt the disease lung cancer. Sometimes the cancer is transferred from parents to the kids, as by nursing the little babies and blood transformation.
Asbestos (Minerals Decomposition):-
The animals, trees and other living things, buried thousand of years ago, when are decomposed naturally, an irritate smell and a lot of dangerous particles fly and mix in the air, from where these enter in our body through breathing. These poisoned particles attack our lungs directly and cause cancer.
Radon and Poisoned Gasses:-
A number of poisoned gasses are emitted from the air conditioners and some other sources, which are mostly order less, tasteless and also invisible. These poisoned gasses invade the human's body through breathing in the lungs and affect the lungs seriously. These poisoned gasses cause cancer very soon by damaging the healthy cells and tissues. A similar gas, named as Radon affects the human's body in very short time and 80% causes lung cancer in human. In this way cancer develops and spreads quite sharply in the body.
I hope this post will help in better understanding of different causes of lung cancer
Tuesday, November 3, 2009
Awareness of cancer risks and screening
Some participants had some knowledge about cancer risks, but many participants in each group had inaccurate information about cancer risks, as well as about guidelines for age, frequency, and types of screening needed. Furthermore, many were unaware of the available free screening program
African American participants knew that cancer is often diagnosed too late. They identified age and family history as risk factors for breast cancer and sexual activity as a risk factor for cervical cancer. While African American participants knew the Pap test finds cancer, they also believed it diagnoses sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and involves cutting the cervix. A woman said, "You get a Pap smear. You're going in . . . they cut that thing, take that tissue out and, you know, they analyze it" (Allegheny County, Wave 1).
Appalachian participants believed themselves to be at higher risk for cancer than the general population, believed cancer was treatable, knew what tests were necessary, and wanted to be tested. They also perceived cancer to be one disease and believed that families who had any type (e.g., bladder, lymphoma) were at increased risk for breast and cervical cancer. Because of their heightened sense of risk, Appalachian participants often wanted mammograms before the recommended age and complained that insurance would not cover them. Several told stories of women who were diagnosed with breast cancer at very young ages after arduous battles to get screened; outcomes in these stories were typically poor.
Latina participants had little understanding of particular risks for either breast or cervical cancer, although they knew that breastfeeding conferred some protection from breast cancer. Similarly, Amish participants had little information about risks and screening guidelines. While Amish participants did limit their use of technology, they did not have cultural objections to cancer screening. However, the participants tended to view all women's health issues in relation to childbearing. Many thought that if they were having babies and being checked by their Amish midwife, they were in good health. They assumed Pap tests were performed during these check-ups. In reality, this might not happen, since many Amish midwives receive no formal medical training. As one woman explained, "When I was having babies about one a year I got [Pap tests] regularly, but not now" (Indiana/Jefferson County, Wave 2).
Desire for information
Participants in all groups expressed a strong desire for accurate information about risks and screening. However, health care providers often do not offer such information or do not offer it in acceptable or understandable ways.
Participants in all groups wanted tailored health education. They favored first-person narratives from women they knew and/or who lived in their communities. However, the desired format varied. African American participants wanted printed materials, written in plain language and supplemented with pictures. They also preferred oral presentations, followed by television, radio, and billboards. They recommended churches and shopping centers as venues for dissemination. They identified cash and gift certificates as reasonable incentives for both educational programs and screening services.
Appalachian participants wanted information and early screening. They recommended teaching women at a young age and sending messages home with schoolchildren to reach parents, as exemplified by this quotation: "I think if my child comes home and told me, 'Mommy, would you please go to the doctor. I don't want you to get sick and die,' I would go to the doctor" (Greene County, Wave 1). They suggested distributing information through local papers, popular magazines, phone chains, and radio, and at the unemployment office, stores, fire halls, and churches. They did not mention incentives for screening.
Latina participants placed a high value on health education. They wanted plain-language pamphlets with English and Spanish text side-by-side and pictures.
Well, because in Spanish, at least only those who do not know English very well it is perfect, but the majority of people get information in English. [Bueno porque en español solamente por lo menos los que no dominamos bien el inglés es perfecto, pero en inglés se informaría la mayoría de las personas.
And also because, obviously, if you speak Spanish and you don't know the words or the technical terms, they put them there. You then know what to tell the person that is speaking to you. [Y también porque obviamente si tú hablas español y no conoces las palabras o los términos técnicos allí te lo ponen. Tú ya sabes que decirle a la persona que te está hablando en inglés y quiero hablar con la persona bilingüe, pero sobre todo me interesa " x" cosa.
(Allegheny County, Wave 2)
Latina participants favored narratives, which they said should include signatures and the name of a reputable source (e.g., hospital, cancer center) for credibility. Any materials should include details about where to go and if "papers" (immigration documents) are required. They recommended information be disseminated on Spanish-language television, as well as at churches, stores, and restaurants.
Amish participants were receptive to information distributed by state health nurses, who have formed close relationships in their communities, and midwives, who were felt to be trustworthy and knowledgeable. Amish participants said they would not contradict their husbands if cancer screening were opposed; however, they did not seem to have this problem. Rather, their husbands tended to defer to the midwives about women's health. Other methods of dissemination Amish participants suggested include mailings, talking to women's groups or women at church, advertising in the newspapers, and posting flyers in public places (e.g., herb store, cheese house). Amish participants did not express a need for incentives to attend screening. For educational sessions, they did not require, but appreciated, light snacks
African American participants knew that cancer is often diagnosed too late. They identified age and family history as risk factors for breast cancer and sexual activity as a risk factor for cervical cancer. While African American participants knew the Pap test finds cancer, they also believed it diagnoses sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and involves cutting the cervix. A woman said, "You get a Pap smear. You're going in . . . they cut that thing, take that tissue out and, you know, they analyze it" (Allegheny County, Wave 1).
Appalachian participants believed themselves to be at higher risk for cancer than the general population, believed cancer was treatable, knew what tests were necessary, and wanted to be tested. They also perceived cancer to be one disease and believed that families who had any type (e.g., bladder, lymphoma) were at increased risk for breast and cervical cancer. Because of their heightened sense of risk, Appalachian participants often wanted mammograms before the recommended age and complained that insurance would not cover them. Several told stories of women who were diagnosed with breast cancer at very young ages after arduous battles to get screened; outcomes in these stories were typically poor.
Latina participants had little understanding of particular risks for either breast or cervical cancer, although they knew that breastfeeding conferred some protection from breast cancer. Similarly, Amish participants had little information about risks and screening guidelines. While Amish participants did limit their use of technology, they did not have cultural objections to cancer screening. However, the participants tended to view all women's health issues in relation to childbearing. Many thought that if they were having babies and being checked by their Amish midwife, they were in good health. They assumed Pap tests were performed during these check-ups. In reality, this might not happen, since many Amish midwives receive no formal medical training. As one woman explained, "When I was having babies about one a year I got [Pap tests] regularly, but not now" (Indiana/Jefferson County, Wave 2).
Desire for information
Participants in all groups expressed a strong desire for accurate information about risks and screening. However, health care providers often do not offer such information or do not offer it in acceptable or understandable ways.
Participants in all groups wanted tailored health education. They favored first-person narratives from women they knew and/or who lived in their communities. However, the desired format varied. African American participants wanted printed materials, written in plain language and supplemented with pictures. They also preferred oral presentations, followed by television, radio, and billboards. They recommended churches and shopping centers as venues for dissemination. They identified cash and gift certificates as reasonable incentives for both educational programs and screening services.
Appalachian participants wanted information and early screening. They recommended teaching women at a young age and sending messages home with schoolchildren to reach parents, as exemplified by this quotation: "I think if my child comes home and told me, 'Mommy, would you please go to the doctor. I don't want you to get sick and die,' I would go to the doctor" (Greene County, Wave 1). They suggested distributing information through local papers, popular magazines, phone chains, and radio, and at the unemployment office, stores, fire halls, and churches. They did not mention incentives for screening.
Latina participants placed a high value on health education. They wanted plain-language pamphlets with English and Spanish text side-by-side and pictures.
Well, because in Spanish, at least only those who do not know English very well it is perfect, but the majority of people get information in English. [Bueno porque en español solamente por lo menos los que no dominamos bien el inglés es perfecto, pero en inglés se informaría la mayoría de las personas.
And also because, obviously, if you speak Spanish and you don't know the words or the technical terms, they put them there. You then know what to tell the person that is speaking to you. [Y también porque obviamente si tú hablas español y no conoces las palabras o los términos técnicos allí te lo ponen. Tú ya sabes que decirle a la persona que te está hablando en inglés y quiero hablar con la persona bilingüe, pero sobre todo me interesa " x" cosa.
(Allegheny County, Wave 2)
Latina participants favored narratives, which they said should include signatures and the name of a reputable source (e.g., hospital, cancer center) for credibility. Any materials should include details about where to go and if "papers" (immigration documents) are required. They recommended information be disseminated on Spanish-language television, as well as at churches, stores, and restaurants.
Amish participants were receptive to information distributed by state health nurses, who have formed close relationships in their communities, and midwives, who were felt to be trustworthy and knowledgeable. Amish participants said they would not contradict their husbands if cancer screening were opposed; however, they did not seem to have this problem. Rather, their husbands tended to defer to the midwives about women's health. Other methods of dissemination Amish participants suggested include mailings, talking to women's groups or women at church, advertising in the newspapers, and posting flyers in public places (e.g., herb store, cheese house). Amish participants did not express a need for incentives to attend screening. For educational sessions, they did not require, but appreciated, light snacks
Perspectives of African American, Amish, Appalachian and Latina Women on Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening
Low-income and minority women are less likely to be screened for breast and cervical cancer and less likely than others to be diagnosed at an early stage in the cancer's growth. We consulted women and providers to understand how social, economic, and health care environments affect screening among African American, Amish, Appalachian, and Latina women, and to outline possible solutions. Women participated in 31 focus groups. Providers completed a mail survey (n=168) and follow-up interviews (n=12). We identified barriers women face: not always following recommendations; feeling intimidated during appointments; having incorrect information about risks, screening guidelines, and programs; and receiving information in ways they cannot understand or accept. Women indicated a strong desire for accurate information and, like the providers, identified strategies for reducing barriers to screening. In the terms of a social ecological model, our results point to three avenues along which to approach cultural competence: 1) policy, 2) health care provision, and 3) clinical care.
Early detection of breast and cervical cancer has a high probability of preventing death, yet researchers consistently report that women in low-income and minority populations—including African American, Latina, and Appalachian women—are less likely than other women to obtain cancer screening and more likely to be diagnosed at a later stage.1–4 Amish women may also be less likely than others to obtain cancer screening, although data are not available. This study, funded by the Pennsylvania Department of Health, focused on these ethnic/cultural groups in an effort to provide guidance for improving their health care.
Researchers have shown that certain factors act as barriers to early screening for all women (e.g., lack of a regular care provider, lack of a doctor's recommendation, cost of health care/insurance, inconvenience, lack of English proficiency, and lack of social support).4–7 Although low-income and minority women are more likely to have breast and cervical cancer screening when their health care providers recommend it, physicians recommend screening less often to women who are poor, are less educated, or lack health insurance.2 Survey and qualitative data indicate differences in the screening practices of women from diverse ethnic backgrounds.4,8–11
Community and cultural perspectives about barriers may be best explored using qualitative methods, particularly focus groups, which can allow group members to voice their concerns, thoughts, and feelings in their own words and language of origin. However, little has been published about the influence of cultural values and attitudes on screening among minority and rural women from their own perspectives. Facione and Giancarlo,12 using focus group research, demonstrated the power of cancer narratives as a way for African American and Latina breast cancer survivors to give meaning to their experiences. Kenney et al.,11 also using focus groups, found that participants had incomplete knowledge of a free screening program and their eligibility. Borrayo and Jenkins10 used focus groups in Texas, finding that the Mexican American women participants did not recognize a need for screening when they felt healthy. Baldwin9 clarified, using focus group data, the fundamental importance of an Afrocentric worldview in framing messages to African American women concerning breast and cervical cancer screening.9 In Canada, Van Til, MacQuarrie, and Herbert13 established through focus groups with women ages 45 to 70 that personal experiences, including fears and lifestyle, contribute to low screening rates. However, these studies are among very few that express the views of the women themselves about how to improve screening among low-income and minority women.
As the U.S. population becomes more diverse and minority populations grow, delays in cancer detection impose an increasing burden, not only on individuals and their families, but also on the nation's economy. To succeed, early detection programs must be culturally competent, meaning that their design includes deliberate modification of health care environments to serve patients of various cultural backgrounds more effectively.14–16 Theory-based strategies for change require specific data from particular groups.
The objectives of this study are 1) to understand how the social, economic, and health care environments affect breast and cervical cancer screening among African American, Amish, Appalachian, and Latina women and 2) to outline possible solutions that reflect the views of women and health care providers.
This study was conducted in terms of social ecology,17 which posits that individuals are affected by multiple dimensions of their environment, including the interpersonal, organizational, community, and public policy dimensions. The conceptual framework is the PRECEDE model, because it includes several of these dimensions, provides a ready-made tool for devising health promotion activities,17 and has been used before to study cervical cancer screening.7 In this model, quality of life and health are affected by two interdependent factors: (1) environment, including the social and cultural context, and (2) behavior and lifestyle, as influenced by predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors.17 One or more of these factors must be affected if health promotion activities are to bring about change.
Early detection of breast and cervical cancer has a high probability of preventing death, yet researchers consistently report that women in low-income and minority populations—including African American, Latina, and Appalachian women—are less likely than other women to obtain cancer screening and more likely to be diagnosed at a later stage.1–4 Amish women may also be less likely than others to obtain cancer screening, although data are not available. This study, funded by the Pennsylvania Department of Health, focused on these ethnic/cultural groups in an effort to provide guidance for improving their health care.
Researchers have shown that certain factors act as barriers to early screening for all women (e.g., lack of a regular care provider, lack of a doctor's recommendation, cost of health care/insurance, inconvenience, lack of English proficiency, and lack of social support).4–7 Although low-income and minority women are more likely to have breast and cervical cancer screening when their health care providers recommend it, physicians recommend screening less often to women who are poor, are less educated, or lack health insurance.2 Survey and qualitative data indicate differences in the screening practices of women from diverse ethnic backgrounds.4,8–11
Community and cultural perspectives about barriers may be best explored using qualitative methods, particularly focus groups, which can allow group members to voice their concerns, thoughts, and feelings in their own words and language of origin. However, little has been published about the influence of cultural values and attitudes on screening among minority and rural women from their own perspectives. Facione and Giancarlo,12 using focus group research, demonstrated the power of cancer narratives as a way for African American and Latina breast cancer survivors to give meaning to their experiences. Kenney et al.,11 also using focus groups, found that participants had incomplete knowledge of a free screening program and their eligibility. Borrayo and Jenkins10 used focus groups in Texas, finding that the Mexican American women participants did not recognize a need for screening when they felt healthy. Baldwin9 clarified, using focus group data, the fundamental importance of an Afrocentric worldview in framing messages to African American women concerning breast and cervical cancer screening.9 In Canada, Van Til, MacQuarrie, and Herbert13 established through focus groups with women ages 45 to 70 that personal experiences, including fears and lifestyle, contribute to low screening rates. However, these studies are among very few that express the views of the women themselves about how to improve screening among low-income and minority women.
As the U.S. population becomes more diverse and minority populations grow, delays in cancer detection impose an increasing burden, not only on individuals and their families, but also on the nation's economy. To succeed, early detection programs must be culturally competent, meaning that their design includes deliberate modification of health care environments to serve patients of various cultural backgrounds more effectively.14–16 Theory-based strategies for change require specific data from particular groups.
The objectives of this study are 1) to understand how the social, economic, and health care environments affect breast and cervical cancer screening among African American, Amish, Appalachian, and Latina women and 2) to outline possible solutions that reflect the views of women and health care providers.
This study was conducted in terms of social ecology,17 which posits that individuals are affected by multiple dimensions of their environment, including the interpersonal, organizational, community, and public policy dimensions. The conceptual framework is the PRECEDE model, because it includes several of these dimensions, provides a ready-made tool for devising health promotion activities,17 and has been used before to study cervical cancer screening.7 In this model, quality of life and health are affected by two interdependent factors: (1) environment, including the social and cultural context, and (2) behavior and lifestyle, as influenced by predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors.17 One or more of these factors must be affected if health promotion activities are to bring about change.
Friday, August 21, 2009
Knew Diabetes
Diabetes or was acknowledged as diabetes mellitus (DM) was the chronic illness that was marked by the level of blood sugar exceeded the normal value (hiperglikemia). This condition emerged especially being caused by the existence of the disturbance in carbohydrate metabolism (sugar) in the body. The disturbance of this metabolism was in part caused by the existence of the disturbance of the function of the insulin hormone in the body. To the sufferer DM, the disturbance of the function of the insulin hormone, will cause also the disturbance in fat metabolism, that was marked by the increase the level of several of the descendants's substances of fat like trigliserida and cholesterol. The increase trigliserida and cholesterol was resulting from the decline in the solution to fat that happened because of the decline in the activity of enzymes of fat breakers, that his work was influenced by insulin.
Therefore, the condition hiperglikemia that happened over a long period will cause the change in the function and body metabolism, including fat metabolism. These changes could cause network damage, and this network damage that will cause complications. In the meantime the chronic complication DM was the main risk factor of the coronary heart disease emergence, the obstruction of blood vessels, serebro-vascular (stroke), failed the kidney, the disturbance of the sight, et cetera. Because of that if being allowed to be not controlled, DM could cause the illness or other complications that could result in fatal. Various results of the research showed that the increase trigliserida was the risk factor of the independent who was strong for the coronary heart disease, and to the increase woman trigliserida had a correlation with the increase in the risk of the coronary heart disease of reaching 30 percent.
The sufferer DM might not be frightened because of the risk of the complication emergence diabetik could be anticipated with the road to control and control the level of blood sugar in the long term. The control of the level of blood sugar tightly will improve also the level of trigliserida and cholesterol to the sufferer DM so as the risk factor was affected by the complication DM could be reduced.
The laboratory inspection was the important part in deal with DM, was good for found his cause, the diagnosis, the monitoring, and the early detection of the existence of the complication. The inspection of the level of blood sugar is in the normal laboratory carried out uptil now, generally only reflected the level of blood sugar for a moment, because results of the grating were really influenced by the food factor, sport, emotions, and by medicines that were drunk. The determination someone suffered DM could not be carried out only with one inspection time of the level of blood sugar. Because of that the doctor must carry out the monitoring through several times the inspection, nearby also the suggestion to arrange the pattern of eating and processing the body. Arranged the pattern of eating, moreover on the nutritionist's recommendation that was counted on in a thorough manner, to aim at managing the level of sugar and the level of blood fat in accordance with the requirement for the body. Process the body in an orderly fashion also could help unloaded the level of blood sugar because by processing the body, blood sugar could easily dimetabolisme by body cells.
In our body was gotten red blood cells that contained haemoglobin, with the main function binding/caught oxygen that really was needed the body. In the normal situation, this haemoglobin in the level of certain tied also various other substance sorts, one of them was binding glucose (blood sugar). The association between haemoglobin and this glucose was mentioned glikohemoglobin and was given by the code of HbA1C. Glikohemoglobin this was very stable in blood, so as the grating the level of HbA1C could reflect the level of sugar in blood. Because our red blood cells had the age approximately three months (120 days), then results of the grating HbA1C could reflect the level of blood sugar through to approximately two months before the inspection
Was based on this matter, the grating the level of HbA1C could be used as the indicator of the control of very good diabetes. As the picture was sent by us that is based on the Consensus DM Indonesia in 1998, thought HbA1C 4 to 5.9 percent showed the control DM went good. Today has many doctors enclosed the inspection HbA1C in his reconciliation in order to monitors the level of sugar of the patient's blood, really was controlled. The monitoring of the level of blood sugar through the inspection HbA1C more was easy to be carried out because the patient did not need the fast before the taking of blood.
Therefore, the condition hiperglikemia that happened over a long period will cause the change in the function and body metabolism, including fat metabolism. These changes could cause network damage, and this network damage that will cause complications. In the meantime the chronic complication DM was the main risk factor of the coronary heart disease emergence, the obstruction of blood vessels, serebro-vascular (stroke), failed the kidney, the disturbance of the sight, et cetera. Because of that if being allowed to be not controlled, DM could cause the illness or other complications that could result in fatal. Various results of the research showed that the increase trigliserida was the risk factor of the independent who was strong for the coronary heart disease, and to the increase woman trigliserida had a correlation with the increase in the risk of the coronary heart disease of reaching 30 percent.
The sufferer DM might not be frightened because of the risk of the complication emergence diabetik could be anticipated with the road to control and control the level of blood sugar in the long term. The control of the level of blood sugar tightly will improve also the level of trigliserida and cholesterol to the sufferer DM so as the risk factor was affected by the complication DM could be reduced.
The laboratory inspection was the important part in deal with DM, was good for found his cause, the diagnosis, the monitoring, and the early detection of the existence of the complication. The inspection of the level of blood sugar is in the normal laboratory carried out uptil now, generally only reflected the level of blood sugar for a moment, because results of the grating were really influenced by the food factor, sport, emotions, and by medicines that were drunk. The determination someone suffered DM could not be carried out only with one inspection time of the level of blood sugar. Because of that the doctor must carry out the monitoring through several times the inspection, nearby also the suggestion to arrange the pattern of eating and processing the body. Arranged the pattern of eating, moreover on the nutritionist's recommendation that was counted on in a thorough manner, to aim at managing the level of sugar and the level of blood fat in accordance with the requirement for the body. Process the body in an orderly fashion also could help unloaded the level of blood sugar because by processing the body, blood sugar could easily dimetabolisme by body cells.
In our body was gotten red blood cells that contained haemoglobin, with the main function binding/caught oxygen that really was needed the body. In the normal situation, this haemoglobin in the level of certain tied also various other substance sorts, one of them was binding glucose (blood sugar). The association between haemoglobin and this glucose was mentioned glikohemoglobin and was given by the code of HbA1C. Glikohemoglobin this was very stable in blood, so as the grating the level of HbA1C could reflect the level of sugar in blood. Because our red blood cells had the age approximately three months (120 days), then results of the grating HbA1C could reflect the level of blood sugar through to approximately two months before the inspection
Was based on this matter, the grating the level of HbA1C could be used as the indicator of the control of very good diabetes. As the picture was sent by us that is based on the Consensus DM Indonesia in 1998, thought HbA1C 4 to 5.9 percent showed the control DM went good. Today has many doctors enclosed the inspection HbA1C in his reconciliation in order to monitors the level of sugar of the patient's blood, really was controlled. The monitoring of the level of blood sugar through the inspection HbA1C more was easy to be carried out because the patient did not need the fast before the taking of blood.
Monday, May 4, 2009
Type of Stroke
Stroke is a condition that occurs when blood supply to part of the brain suddenly is interrupted. Network in the brain, lack of blood flow causes a series of bio-chemical reaction, which can devastate or kill brain cells. Death of the network can cause a loss of brain function that is controlled by the network. Stroke is the third cause of death in the United States and many industrialized countries in Europe (Jauch, 2005). When you can be saved, sometimes the experience of members of the body paralysis, loss of memory or some talking ability. To underscore how serious this stroke, recent years have been increasingly popular term brain attack. This term together with terms which are well known area, "heart attack". stroke occurred because the branch blood vessel is obstructed by embolism. embolism can be a cholesterol or may be air.
Stroke was divided into two types, namely ischemia and hemorrhage. In the ischemia, the flow of blood to the brain has stopped because aterosklerosis (comulation cholesterol in the blood vessel wall), or blood clot that has a clog blood vessel to the brain. Most patients or 83% of this type of experience stroke.
In the hemorrhage, broken blood vessel so that obstruct the normal flow of blood and blood leak into an area in the brain and brain damage. Almost 70 percent of cases of hemorrhage occurred in people with hypertension.
In the ischemia, stoppage could occur in the blood vessel along the arterial routes leading to the brain. Blood to the brain supplied by the two karotis Interna arteria and two arterial vertebralis. This is an arterial branch from the aorta arch heart.
A ateroma (deposition of fat) can form in the arterial blood vessel karotis causing reduced blood flow. The situation is very serious because every blood vessel arterial karotis in normal circumstances to give blood to most of the brain. Deposition of fat can also be detached from the wall and the arterial flow in the blood, and arterial clog smaller.
Arterial blood vessel arterial karotis and vertebralis and its branches can also stopped because of a blood clot originating from elsewhere, for example, from the heart valves or the other. Stroke of this kind is called embolism serebral the most frequently occurred in patients who undergo new heart surgery and heart valve patients aberration or heart rhythm disturbances (especially atrium fibrillation).
Rare cause of fat embolism strok. If the form of fat embolism of fat from the bone marrow that is released into the broken blood flow and eventually join in an arterial.
Stroke can also occur when an infection causing inflammation or constriction of the blood vessel to the brain. Drugs (eg cocaine and amfetamin) also can narrow the blood vessel in the brain and cause a stroke.
Decrease in blood pressure that suddenly can cause reduced blood flow to the brain, which usually cause a person unconscious. Stroke can occur if blood pressure is very low weight, and prolonged. This occurs when someone has lost a lot of blood due to injury or surgery, heart attack or heart rhythm is abnormal.
Stroke was divided into two types, namely ischemia and hemorrhage. In the ischemia, the flow of blood to the brain has stopped because aterosklerosis (comulation cholesterol in the blood vessel wall), or blood clot that has a clog blood vessel to the brain. Most patients or 83% of this type of experience stroke.
In the hemorrhage, broken blood vessel so that obstruct the normal flow of blood and blood leak into an area in the brain and brain damage. Almost 70 percent of cases of hemorrhage occurred in people with hypertension.
In the ischemia, stoppage could occur in the blood vessel along the arterial routes leading to the brain. Blood to the brain supplied by the two karotis Interna arteria and two arterial vertebralis. This is an arterial branch from the aorta arch heart.
A ateroma (deposition of fat) can form in the arterial blood vessel karotis causing reduced blood flow. The situation is very serious because every blood vessel arterial karotis in normal circumstances to give blood to most of the brain. Deposition of fat can also be detached from the wall and the arterial flow in the blood, and arterial clog smaller.
Arterial blood vessel arterial karotis and vertebralis and its branches can also stopped because of a blood clot originating from elsewhere, for example, from the heart valves or the other. Stroke of this kind is called embolism serebral the most frequently occurred in patients who undergo new heart surgery and heart valve patients aberration or heart rhythm disturbances (especially atrium fibrillation).
Rare cause of fat embolism strok. If the form of fat embolism of fat from the bone marrow that is released into the broken blood flow and eventually join in an arterial.
Stroke can also occur when an infection causing inflammation or constriction of the blood vessel to the brain. Drugs (eg cocaine and amfetamin) also can narrow the blood vessel in the brain and cause a stroke.
Decrease in blood pressure that suddenly can cause reduced blood flow to the brain, which usually cause a person unconscious. Stroke can occur if blood pressure is very low weight, and prolonged. This occurs when someone has lost a lot of blood due to injury or surgery, heart attack or heart rhythm is abnormal.
Tuesday, April 28, 2009
Indonesia Government Efforts to Prevent The Spread of Swine Flu
Swine flu epidemic now becoming a serious attention by all countries in the world, because the potential for this virus more dangerous of the bird flu. Disease outbreaks begin to be in mexico and have been found in some United States. In the United States has found that a positive student infected swine flu, so the United States government to forbid citizens to Mexico, or vice versa.
Swine flu is also becoming a concern for some countries, one of which is Indonesia. Government Indonesia apply first to the standby level swine flu, one of the government's efforts to prevent the spread Indonesia is cut in the defense access to enter the country. not only that, the government of Indonesia also use the tool scan the body temperature in the international airport.
However, the use of scanner tool temperature is still less than the maximum. to obtain a good tools is required the cost is very expensive, therefore, The government of indonesia using existing equipment and tighten the defense and comb every item that was brought by the newcomers
Swine flu is also becoming a concern for some countries, one of which is Indonesia. Government Indonesia apply first to the standby level swine flu, one of the government's efforts to prevent the spread Indonesia is cut in the defense access to enter the country. not only that, the government of Indonesia also use the tool scan the body temperature in the international airport.
However, the use of scanner tool temperature is still less than the maximum. to obtain a good tools is required the cost is very expensive, therefore, The government of indonesia using existing equipment and tighten the defense and comb every item that was brought by the newcomers
Monday, April 27, 2009
What is Pig Flu (swine flu)
Pig Flu (swine flu) is a type of influenza A H1N1 type with sub. This type has a closeness with the sub-type H1N3 and H3N2. Sub-type H1N1 has been in the pig and the human body and rarely cause death
This disease tends to infecting in spring and winter but the cycle is a year-round.
There are many types of flu and swine flu in humans as this disease is constantly changing.
This new virus was sensitive to the oseltamifir (bird flu drug). And they say, to Emil, despite flu, called pigs, based on the search, none of the victims who have a positive history of contact with pigs
The World Health Organization, WHO, confirming that at least some cases is a version of H1N1 influenza A type that never existed.
H1N1 is the virus that causes seasonal flu in humans on a regular basis. However, the new version is different from H1N1, the virus load is typical of the genetic material found in viruses that infect humans, birds and pigs.
Flu virus has the ability to exchange genetic component to one another, and likely a new version of H1N1 is the result of the combination of various different versions of the virus that occurred in one animal source
This disease tends to infecting in spring and winter but the cycle is a year-round.
There are many types of flu and swine flu in humans as this disease is constantly changing.
This new virus was sensitive to the oseltamifir (bird flu drug). And they say, to Emil, despite flu, called pigs, based on the search, none of the victims who have a positive history of contact with pigs
The World Health Organization, WHO, confirming that at least some cases is a version of H1N1 influenza A type that never existed.
H1N1 is the virus that causes seasonal flu in humans on a regular basis. However, the new version is different from H1N1, the virus load is typical of the genetic material found in viruses that infect humans, birds and pigs.
Flu virus has the ability to exchange genetic component to one another, and likely a new version of H1N1 is the result of the combination of various different versions of the virus that occurred in one animal source
Sunday, April 26, 2009
Antrax Disease? Whether Dangerous?
Anthrax disease has been known since the times of Ancient Egypt. In the year 1613, European outbreaks of the disease was recorded and about 60 thousand people killed. Anthrax disease is very frightening, anthrax can cause death, it's easy to spread, difficult to be destroyed and zoonotik (can be infectious in humans). In the year 1877, Robert Koch tried to develop bacteria for the first time. Research indicates the existence of fungi in the sporadic type of Bacillus found in animal body
This form of bacterial spore and stalk gregarious and breed in the ground. Discharge bacteria can occur in the long dry season, because cattle like dry grass to attract radical. As a result, during the Anthrax spore to survive in this land and stick on the grass, brought out and turned into vicious bacteria. Livestock body condition is poor due to lack of food and stress by the hot air temperature, also facilitate the Anthrax attacks
Cattle that fell ill Anthrax marked with a high temperature, appear restless, not eating, breathing hard, tap does not regularize the heart, and sudden death within 1-2 days. Livestock that have been dead by Anthrax can not be sliced, as anthrax bacteria spread to the land and survive in spore form for 30-50 years. Bacterium Bacillus anthracis is not dead when boiled in hot water 100 ° Celsius
Infection in humans can occur due to consume meat that has been exposed to the bacteria, the contact with the slapdash sick animals that are exposed to Anthrax or soil containing the bacteria. Anthrax bacteria can enter the body through the skin, lungs or alimentary tract. Common symptoms of Anthrax attacks in the form of human wound black, that the longer the red, shaped ulcer or sore in the skin, also have respiratory halusination bad and disturbed
This form of bacterial spore and stalk gregarious and breed in the ground. Discharge bacteria can occur in the long dry season, because cattle like dry grass to attract radical. As a result, during the Anthrax spore to survive in this land and stick on the grass, brought out and turned into vicious bacteria. Livestock body condition is poor due to lack of food and stress by the hot air temperature, also facilitate the Anthrax attacks
Cattle that fell ill Anthrax marked with a high temperature, appear restless, not eating, breathing hard, tap does not regularize the heart, and sudden death within 1-2 days. Livestock that have been dead by Anthrax can not be sliced, as anthrax bacteria spread to the land and survive in spore form for 30-50 years. Bacterium Bacillus anthracis is not dead when boiled in hot water 100 ° Celsius
Infection in humans can occur due to consume meat that has been exposed to the bacteria, the contact with the slapdash sick animals that are exposed to Anthrax or soil containing the bacteria. Anthrax bacteria can enter the body through the skin, lungs or alimentary tract. Common symptoms of Anthrax attacks in the form of human wound black, that the longer the red, shaped ulcer or sore in the skin, also have respiratory halusination bad and disturbed
Antrax
Anthrax is a disease of animals that can spread to humans and are acute. The causes are the bacteria Bacillus anthracis. According to drh Suprodjo Hardjo Utomo MS APU, these bacteria are aerob, require oxygen to live. Free bacteria in the natural form is a spore-resistant decades in the soil and can be a source of transmission in animals and humans. Case in Bogor happens because sporidium brought floods. Contagious animal feed due to spore attached to the plant is eaten. Animals that died due to Anthrax must be directly buried or burned, should not be injured so that bacteria does not spread.
Infection in humans can be through direct contact spore in the soil, plants, animals and materials from the illness (skin, flesh, bones or blood). Consumption of animal products that contain Anthrax or through air that contains the spore, for example, the factory workers in wool or animal skin. Because there are four types of Anthrax, Anthrax skin, digestive / intestinal Anthrax, Anthrax respiratory and brain. Anthrax occurs when the brain involved bacteria enter the blood to the brain.
Anthrax skin incubation period of approximately two to five days. At first the skin itch, and if broken blister that forms a black scab in the middle. Swelling around the scab and pain.
Anthrax enter the body in 24 hours appear to have mark of a fever. Nausea, vomiting blood on the Anthrax intestine, cough, shortness of breath on Anthrax tuberculosis, headache and convulsions on the brain Anthrax. If not promptly treated can die within a day or two. However there is medicine already, ie, penicillin and derivatnya. Because each health have been trained to handle, the patient should immediately be brought to the health clinic or hospital.
To prevent contracting Anthrax is recommended to buy the meat from the abattoir official, cooking the meat cooked to kill germs, and wash hands before eating.
Infection in humans can be through direct contact spore in the soil, plants, animals and materials from the illness (skin, flesh, bones or blood). Consumption of animal products that contain Anthrax or through air that contains the spore, for example, the factory workers in wool or animal skin. Because there are four types of Anthrax, Anthrax skin, digestive / intestinal Anthrax, Anthrax respiratory and brain. Anthrax occurs when the brain involved bacteria enter the blood to the brain.
Anthrax skin incubation period of approximately two to five days. At first the skin itch, and if broken blister that forms a black scab in the middle. Swelling around the scab and pain.
Anthrax enter the body in 24 hours appear to have mark of a fever. Nausea, vomiting blood on the Anthrax intestine, cough, shortness of breath on Anthrax tuberculosis, headache and convulsions on the brain Anthrax. If not promptly treated can die within a day or two. However there is medicine already, ie, penicillin and derivatnya. Because each health have been trained to handle, the patient should immediately be brought to the health clinic or hospital.
To prevent contracting Anthrax is recommended to buy the meat from the abattoir official, cooking the meat cooked to kill germs, and wash hands before eating.
Friday, April 24, 2009
Acute Respiratory Tract Infection
Diseases and infections are still less nutrition, including the causes of mortality (infants under five years old) in Indonesia. Infant mortality (akb) at this time it is still high: 52 per 1,000 live births in a year. If compared to 1970 reaching akb 145, number 52 is clearly much decreases. His decline was obtained from the government's immunization program to a baby under five years old, free of charge in health since 1977. The program covers immunization BCG (anti-tuberculosis), tetanus, polio, measles, dipteri (anti-channel respiratory infection), pertussis (anti-whooping cough), and hepatitis B, and supported the provision of adequate nutrition, such as breast milk, food bervitamin and fruits.
Acute respiratory tract infection as one of the major baby murderer and five in Indonesia. Of course it refers to the results of the ISPA International Conference in Canberra, Australia, in July 1997, found that four and five million babies in developing countries die each year due to acute respiratory tract infection. At the end of 2000, estimated mortality due to pneumonia as the main cause of acute respiratory tract infection in Indonesia for five cases among 1000 infants / five. That is, lead to pneumonia or 150 thousand infants under five die each year, or 12,500 victims per month, or 416 cases a day, or 17 children per hour, or a baby every five minutes
In 1995, the survey of households reported health, the proportion of infant deaths due to respiratory system disease reached 32.1 percent, while 38.8 percent in five years. From that fact, and the Indonesian government is targeting a decrease in mortality due to pneumonia five to 33 percent in 1994-1999, according to the agreement Declaration of the World Summit for Children on 30 September 1999 in New York, USA. Meanwhile, according to the National Development Program (Propenas) health, death rate of five per thousand, in 2000 will be downgraded to three per thousand at the end of 2005
By the end of 2001, Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara record acute respiratory tract infection as a disease that affects most people: 206,144 people. Meanwhile, people Pneumenia reached 41,865 people. Jakarta itself also notes acute respiratory tract infection as a disease that most often affects people: 1997 (784.354 people), 1998 (827.407 people) and 1999 (1.023.801 people). High level of acute respiratory tract infections in Jakarta, is associated with the high -70 percent of pollution comes from motor vehicles
Acute respiratory tract infection as one of the major baby murderer and five in Indonesia. Of course it refers to the results of the ISPA International Conference in Canberra, Australia, in July 1997, found that four and five million babies in developing countries die each year due to acute respiratory tract infection. At the end of 2000, estimated mortality due to pneumonia as the main cause of acute respiratory tract infection in Indonesia for five cases among 1000 infants / five. That is, lead to pneumonia or 150 thousand infants under five die each year, or 12,500 victims per month, or 416 cases a day, or 17 children per hour, or a baby every five minutes
In 1995, the survey of households reported health, the proportion of infant deaths due to respiratory system disease reached 32.1 percent, while 38.8 percent in five years. From that fact, and the Indonesian government is targeting a decrease in mortality due to pneumonia five to 33 percent in 1994-1999, according to the agreement Declaration of the World Summit for Children on 30 September 1999 in New York, USA. Meanwhile, according to the National Development Program (Propenas) health, death rate of five per thousand, in 2000 will be downgraded to three per thousand at the end of 2005
By the end of 2001, Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara record acute respiratory tract infection as a disease that affects most people: 206,144 people. Meanwhile, people Pneumenia reached 41,865 people. Jakarta itself also notes acute respiratory tract infection as a disease that most often affects people: 1997 (784.354 people), 1998 (827.407 people) and 1999 (1.023.801 people). High level of acute respiratory tract infections in Jakarta, is associated with the high -70 percent of pollution comes from motor vehicles
Tuesday, April 21, 2009
Symptoms of Thypus
At this tifoid fever or thypus, there are a few names when the bacteria enter the body of the patient, including:
Incubation period (when you first enter the bacteria and then sleep to prepare the ammunition to attack the diperluan our bodies), this period lasts 7-12 days, although in general is 10-12 days. At the beginning of the disease and symptoms of this disease. Symptoms of this disease is not typical, usually the form of:
1. Anoreksia (no appetite, not because of food)
2. Feeling lazy
3. The front of the headache
4. Muscle pain
5. Tongue dirty
6. Interference stomach (stomach tingle and pain)
Specific symptoms of this fever?
Usually if it is the typical symptoms appear, the diagnosis work can be done directly. Typical symptoms include a fever tifoid are as follows.
First Week (initial infection)
After passing through incubation period 10-14 days, symptoms of the disease is initially the same as the acute infection of the disease, such as high fever which is a long as 39 º c to 40 º c, headache, dizziness, stiff, anoreksia, nausea, vomiting, coughing, with a pulse between 80-100 times permenit, weak beat, with faster respiratory picture kataral bronchitis, flatulence, and feel uncomfortable, while diarrhea and constipation silih change.
At the end of the first week, diarrhea occurred more frequently. Typical of the tongue is dirty in the middle, and end of the red edge and shimmy or tremor. Episteksis can be experienced by patients while throat feels dry and beradang. If the patient to the doctor during the period, will be found with fever symptoms at the top that can only occur in other diseases as well.
Skin rash usually occurs on the seventh day and limited to the abdomen disalah one side and not evenly distributed, The speck The speck-ros (roseola) lasts 3-5 days, then disappear completely. Roseola occurs, especially in people with white skin that is the form of crimson makula size 2-4 mm, group, most often arising in the skin of the belly, chest or arm on the bottom, look pale when pressed. On a heavy infection, purpura of the skin can be found difus. Teraba and spleen into the abdomen distensi.
Second Week
If in the first week, the body temperature gradually increased each day, which generally decreased in the morning and then increased in the afternoon or evening. Therefore, in the second week of the patient's body temperature constant in the high (fever). Temperature is high, with little decrease in the morning call. There was a relative slowing of pulse. Pulse, which should have been increased with the increase in temperature, when this pulse is relatively slow compared to the increased body temperature.
Symptoms toksemia (when bacteria are masuhk the flow of blood) the weight is marked with the people who have experienced delirium. Hearing disturbances generally occur. Tongue appear dry, red flash. Nadi faster while blood pressure decreased, while the diarrhea became more frequent and sometimes a dark color due to bleeding occurred. Liver and spleen enlargement. Flatulence and frequent sounds. Interference awareness. Nod continuously, start communicating if garbled, and others.
Third Week
Body temperature down and the normal return at the end of the week. This is if no complications occur, or treated successfully. When the situation improved, the symptoms will be reduced and the temperature began to go down. However it is at this bleeding and perforation complications tend to occur, the effects of crust separated from the ulkus. Conversely, if the situation worsened, where toksemia become the signs of a typical form of delirium, or stupor, musculature continuously moving, and inkontinensia alvi inkontinensia urin.
Meteorisme and timpani still occur, as well as pressure is increased abdomen followed by a painful stomach. People then experience kolaps. If the pulse is accompanied by increased local or general peritonitis, this show has been the occurrence of intestinal perforation, while cold sweat, anxiety, difficult breathing and pulse of kolaps feel that gives a description of bleeding. Miokardial toksik degeneration is a common cause of death of a patient's fever tifoid in the third week.
Fourth Week
Although it is a stadium in the early days of this can be found Lobar pneumonia tromboflebitis or vena femoralis.
Incubation period (when you first enter the bacteria and then sleep to prepare the ammunition to attack the diperluan our bodies), this period lasts 7-12 days, although in general is 10-12 days. At the beginning of the disease and symptoms of this disease. Symptoms of this disease is not typical, usually the form of:
1. Anoreksia (no appetite, not because of food)
2. Feeling lazy
3. The front of the headache
4. Muscle pain
5. Tongue dirty
6. Interference stomach (stomach tingle and pain)
Specific symptoms of this fever?
Usually if it is the typical symptoms appear, the diagnosis work can be done directly. Typical symptoms include a fever tifoid are as follows.
First Week (initial infection)
After passing through incubation period 10-14 days, symptoms of the disease is initially the same as the acute infection of the disease, such as high fever which is a long as 39 º c to 40 º c, headache, dizziness, stiff, anoreksia, nausea, vomiting, coughing, with a pulse between 80-100 times permenit, weak beat, with faster respiratory picture kataral bronchitis, flatulence, and feel uncomfortable, while diarrhea and constipation silih change.
At the end of the first week, diarrhea occurred more frequently. Typical of the tongue is dirty in the middle, and end of the red edge and shimmy or tremor. Episteksis can be experienced by patients while throat feels dry and beradang. If the patient to the doctor during the period, will be found with fever symptoms at the top that can only occur in other diseases as well.
Skin rash usually occurs on the seventh day and limited to the abdomen disalah one side and not evenly distributed, The speck The speck-ros (roseola) lasts 3-5 days, then disappear completely. Roseola occurs, especially in people with white skin that is the form of crimson makula size 2-4 mm, group, most often arising in the skin of the belly, chest or arm on the bottom, look pale when pressed. On a heavy infection, purpura of the skin can be found difus. Teraba and spleen into the abdomen distensi.
Second Week
If in the first week, the body temperature gradually increased each day, which generally decreased in the morning and then increased in the afternoon or evening. Therefore, in the second week of the patient's body temperature constant in the high (fever). Temperature is high, with little decrease in the morning call. There was a relative slowing of pulse. Pulse, which should have been increased with the increase in temperature, when this pulse is relatively slow compared to the increased body temperature.
Symptoms toksemia (when bacteria are masuhk the flow of blood) the weight is marked with the people who have experienced delirium. Hearing disturbances generally occur. Tongue appear dry, red flash. Nadi faster while blood pressure decreased, while the diarrhea became more frequent and sometimes a dark color due to bleeding occurred. Liver and spleen enlargement. Flatulence and frequent sounds. Interference awareness. Nod continuously, start communicating if garbled, and others.
Third Week
Body temperature down and the normal return at the end of the week. This is if no complications occur, or treated successfully. When the situation improved, the symptoms will be reduced and the temperature began to go down. However it is at this bleeding and perforation complications tend to occur, the effects of crust separated from the ulkus. Conversely, if the situation worsened, where toksemia become the signs of a typical form of delirium, or stupor, musculature continuously moving, and inkontinensia alvi inkontinensia urin.
Meteorisme and timpani still occur, as well as pressure is increased abdomen followed by a painful stomach. People then experience kolaps. If the pulse is accompanied by increased local or general peritonitis, this show has been the occurrence of intestinal perforation, while cold sweat, anxiety, difficult breathing and pulse of kolaps feel that gives a description of bleeding. Miokardial toksik degeneration is a common cause of death of a patient's fever tifoid in the third week.
Fourth Week
Although it is a stadium in the early days of this can be found Lobar pneumonia tromboflebitis or vena femoralis.
Thypus
Definition
Thypus disease is an infection of the bacteria in the small intestine and sometimes in blood flow caused by the bacteria Salmonella typhi or Salmonella paratyphi A, B and C, than this can also cause Gastroenteritis (food poisoning) and septikemia (not the intestine)
These bacteria enter through the alimentary tract, after the breed and then penetrate the gut wall limfa channel, into the blood vessel within 24-72 hours. Can then occur in the breeding system retikuloendothelial and spread back to the blood vessel and cause a variety of clinical symptoms.
How Salmonella bacteria thypi to spread in the body?
Tifoid fever is a disease spreading through the channel digested (mouth, esofagus, bound, 12-finger intestine, small intestine, large intestine, dstnya). Salmonella typhi entry into the human body with food or drink that tercemar. How spreading through vomit, urin, and dirt from people who are passive and then brought by fly (leg-foot fly). Fly that make food, beverages, vegetables, and fresh fruits contain Salmonella thypi.
When bacteria enter the human alimentary tract, some dead bacteria by stomach acid and some of the bacteria into the small intestine. From the small intestine that bacteria can act so that the "bust" small intestine. After successfully exceeded the small intestine, the bacteria enter the lymph gland, to the blood vessel, and to the entire body (especially in the organs liver, bile, and others). If such circumstances, urine and faeces can contain germs of Salmonella typhi that ready to make another human infection through food or beverages that contain the bacteria
Thypus disease is an infection of the bacteria in the small intestine and sometimes in blood flow caused by the bacteria Salmonella typhi or Salmonella paratyphi A, B and C, than this can also cause Gastroenteritis (food poisoning) and septikemia (not the intestine)
These bacteria enter through the alimentary tract, after the breed and then penetrate the gut wall limfa channel, into the blood vessel within 24-72 hours. Can then occur in the breeding system retikuloendothelial and spread back to the blood vessel and cause a variety of clinical symptoms.
How Salmonella bacteria thypi to spread in the body?
Tifoid fever is a disease spreading through the channel digested (mouth, esofagus, bound, 12-finger intestine, small intestine, large intestine, dstnya). Salmonella typhi entry into the human body with food or drink that tercemar. How spreading through vomit, urin, and dirt from people who are passive and then brought by fly (leg-foot fly). Fly that make food, beverages, vegetables, and fresh fruits contain Salmonella thypi.
When bacteria enter the human alimentary tract, some dead bacteria by stomach acid and some of the bacteria into the small intestine. From the small intestine that bacteria can act so that the "bust" small intestine. After successfully exceeded the small intestine, the bacteria enter the lymph gland, to the blood vessel, and to the entire body (especially in the organs liver, bile, and others). If such circumstances, urine and faeces can contain germs of Salmonella typhi that ready to make another human infection through food or beverages that contain the bacteria
Monday, April 20, 2009
Hypertension
The growth of the dishes that contain lots of fat and some lifestyle changes in urban society, the electrical current as a disease of lifestyle changes that will appear more and more. One disease is Hypertension or High Blood Pressure.
Perhaps many of us that are less know what is the Hypertension, the outline Hypertension can be defined as a disease that commonly arise in the community which is a persistent increase in the pressure of arterial blood vessel, the pressure above 95 mmHg diastolik. Blood pressure is usually normal sistolik pressure does not exceed 140 mmHg and diastolik does not exceed 90 mmHg. However, standard blood pressure is normal individual does.
When someone has high blood pressure and does not get the treatment and control regularly (routine), then this may bring the sufferer into serious cases can even cause death. High blood pressure who continue to cause a heart to work extra hard, this is the result of a blood vessel damage to the heart, kidneys, brain and eyes. Hypertension disease is a common cause of the occurrence of stroke and heart attack
Sunday, April 19, 2009
Coughing
Coughing is one of the concerns often expressed by the patient to the doctor. Coughing is an important way for our bodies to clean the throat and respiratory tract us. However, excessive coughing may mean that we have a disease or interferenceHave a dry cough, there are also productive. Coughing can be acute or chronicle.
- Acute cough is usually sudden. Often caused by a cold, influenza, or sinus infection (sinusitis). Acute cough usually disappears after 2 to 3 weeks
- Chronicles cough usually lasts more than 2 to 3 weeks.
Common Causes
In addition to respiratory tract infections such as influenza on, most often cause cough is:
In addition to respiratory tract infections such as influenza on, most often cause cough is:
- Allergies and asthma
- Lung infections such as pneumonia or acute bronchitis
- Tuberculosis disease obstruktif chronicles (PPOK) or bronchitis chronicles, ephysema
- Sinusitis that causes postnasal drip
- Bronkiektasis diseases such as tuberculosis, tuberculosis tumor.
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease (Gerd) This means the stomach liquids back to the throat, people like sour or bitter belch.
- Smoking
- Passive smokers
- Exposure to air pollutant
Home Care
Some tips to reduce the cough:
Some tips to reduce the cough:
- Peppermint candy or cough medicine can help in the spicy dry cough and tickle. Should not be given to children aged under 3 years because it can choke the breath clog roads
- Breathe the warm steam can help with dry cough how to increase humidity in the air
- Drinking more fluids can dilute phlegm in the throat so easily removed.
Some cough medicines that can be purchased without a prescription, drug contains:
Do not expect or ask your doctor to prescribe antibiotics to create a virus infection such as influenza or a cold. Antibiotics do not work against viruses. Antibiotics do not speed up the healing cough caused allergy
- Guaifenesin (Cohistan Expectorant, Probat, Bisolvon Extra, Actifed Expectorant, etc.). Must remember is that if you drink medicines containing Guaifenesin is a need to drink lots of water.
- Dekongestan such as pseudoephedrine (Actifed, Actifed Expectorant, Disudrin, Clarinase, SR Rhinos, Triaminic, etc.). Medicines containing pseudoephedrine can be used to stop the runny nose and watery postnasal drip. May not be used if there hypertension or for children under the age of 6 years except on your doctor.
Do not expect or ask your doctor to prescribe antibiotics to create a virus infection such as influenza or a cold. Antibiotics do not work against viruses. Antibiotics do not speed up the healing cough caused allergy
Tuesday, March 31, 2009
Hepatitis
Hepatitis is a disease that includes any type of the liver, the result of complex process that occurs when the liver suffers an injury. doctor call the inflammation that lasts less than six month acute hepatitis and inflammation that lasts longer than six month chronic hepatitis. While there are many causes of liver inflammation, clinical divide them into two main categories: viral and non-infectious hepatitis
Viral Hepatitis
Viral hepatitis is a liver disease that is caused by exposure to one of the five hepatitis viruses. Each virus named after a letter of the alphabet, hepatitis A through E. Though other viruses can cause hepatitis, only the five are considered hepatitis viruses.
Each of five hepatotropic viruses are alike in many ways. They all infect the cells of the liver causing inflammation. Depending on which virus ix causing trouble, there is often an acute illness that produces similar signs an symptoms. However, to better requires knowing how they differ click here
Non-Infectious Hepatitis
Not all causes of hepatitis are infectious. Chemical such as alcohol or medication can be harmful to the liver and can cause inflammation. In addition, other health problems like genetic and metabolic disorder, immune-related injury an obesity, can damage the liver and lead inflammation, since these types of hepatitis cannot speard from one person to another, clinicians call it non-infectious hepatitis.
Viral Hepatitis
Viral hepatitis is a liver disease that is caused by exposure to one of the five hepatitis viruses. Each virus named after a letter of the alphabet, hepatitis A through E. Though other viruses can cause hepatitis, only the five are considered hepatitis viruses.
Each of five hepatotropic viruses are alike in many ways. They all infect the cells of the liver causing inflammation. Depending on which virus ix causing trouble, there is often an acute illness that produces similar signs an symptoms. However, to better requires knowing how they differ click here
Non-Infectious Hepatitis
Not all causes of hepatitis are infectious. Chemical such as alcohol or medication can be harmful to the liver and can cause inflammation. In addition, other health problems like genetic and metabolic disorder, immune-related injury an obesity, can damage the liver and lead inflammation, since these types of hepatitis cannot speard from one person to another, clinicians call it non-infectious hepatitis.
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